• hGPR was mapped to human chromosome q and in

  2022-03-12

  

  hGPR55 was mapped to human chromosome 2q37, and in the human CNS it is predominantly localized to the caudate, putamen, and striatum (Sawzdargo et al., 1999). In rats, in situ hybridization indicated expression in hippocampus, thalamus and regions of the midbrain (Sawzdargo et al., 1999). Ryberg et

• The discovery that the physiological functions of LPI are

  2022-03-12

  

  The discovery that the physiological functions of LPI are associated with the activation of specific GPR55 membrane receptor [4] has launched a new era of research on this lysophospholipid. However, the activation of membrane receptors by lysophospholipids is extremely complex due to the multitude o

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Myelin one of the fundame

  2022-03-12

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Myelin, one of the fundamental adaptations of vertebrates, is a multilamellar structure deriving from the spiral wrapping around the Canine EGF / Epidermal Growth Facto Protein (His Tag) of the plasma membrane of myelin forming glia, oligodendrocytes in the centr

• br Concluding remarks Several orphan GPCRs

  2022-03-12

  

  Concluding remarks Several orphan GPCRs have expression profiles that indicate they are worthy of consideration as therapeutic targets. This view can be supported via various transgenic techniques, and it would be interesting to have wide-ranging phenotypic information on GPR35 knockout mice. Bas

• GPR is a member of the G protein coupled

  2022-03-12

  

  GPR119 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family, and is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells and intestinal endocrine cells. It has been proposed that GPR119 agonists modulate glucose homeostasis by indirectly stimulating glucose-dependent insulin release through enhancing pancreatic c

• To date glycine receptors have been

  2022-03-12

  

  To date, glycine receptors have been found in five distinct transmembrane protein subunits (one β subunit and four α subunit (α1–α4)), combining to form two different types of functional receptors [4], [14], either α homomeric, the immature extrasynaptic glycine receptor subtype, or αβ heteromeric,

• To further implicate the role

  2022-03-12

  

  To further implicate the role of EAAT3 in morphine-induced place preference, the effects of morphine on EAAT3 trp channel was determined. Interestingly, morphine increased EAAT3 protein expression in the plasma membrane of mPFC, nucleus accumbens and VTA but not in the hippocampus of wild-type mice

• SGLT inhibitors have been accepted as a new

  2022-03-12

  

  SGLT-2 inhibitors have been accepted as a new class of antidiabetic agent (Kurosaki and Ogasawara, 2013). They limit renal glucose reabsorption and promote urinary excretion of glucose, thereby reducing plasma glucose levels (de Leeuw and de Boer, 2016, Jojima et al., 2016, Pérez López et al., 2010,

• A number of anti diabetic drugs are available that inhibit

  2022-03-12

  

  A number of anti-diabetic drugs are available that inhibit α-glucosidase activity, including acarbose, voglibose and miglitol [6,7]. These inhibitors, however, also exhibit undesirable side effects, such as adverse gastrointestinal symptoms and liver toxicity [8,9]. For diabetics, it would therefore

• br Glucose metabolism and diet Glucokinase is essential

  2022-03-12

  

  Glucose metabolism and diet Glucokinase is essential for sensing blood glucose levels, thus controls metabolism (Iynedjian, 1993, Iynedjian, 2009, Postic et al., 2001, Agius, 2008). Loss of glucokinase activity in humans and mice leads to diabetes (Printz et al., 1993b, Postic et al., 2001, Agius

• In this study our result suggests that exogenous GR

  2022-03-12

  

  In this study, our result suggests that exogenous GR agonist DEX and GR inhibitor RU486 can affect dopaminergic neurotransmitters in the brain. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), an endogenous neuropeptide, can regulate the synthesis and release of catecholamine. McArthur et

• Inhibitors of the G rdos effect include the Ca

  2022-03-12

  

  Inhibitors of the Gárdos effect include the Ca2+-channel blocker nitrendipine with an IC50 of ∼103nM (Ellory et al., 1992, Ellory et al., 1992); its mode of action is likely to be from direct blockage of K+ flux through the Gárdos channel (Ellory et al., 1992, Ellory et al., 1992), and the peptidic

• br Promotion of GLS expression Glutamine metabolism

  2022-03-12

  

  Promotion of GLS2 expression Glutamine metabolism is another target for alteration in ferroptosis. Glutamine is required for the induction of ferroptosis during serum-induced injury after amino brucine starvation [72]. The first step of glutamine catabolism is its conversion to glutamate, which

• GSK has also been used

  2022-03-11

  

  GSK-189254 has also been used as PET radiotracer (in the form of [11C]-GSK-189254, also used as [11C]-AZ12807110 by Jucaite et al. (Jucaite et al., 2013)) to assess H3R occupancy (Ashworth et al., 2010), and is currently used in an image-based phase I clinical trial study for investigating GSK-23951

• The site of metastasis in

  2022-03-11

  

  The site of metastasis in breast cancer often contributes to the patient’s OS. Patients with bone metastasis from their breast cancer often have a notably increased survival over patients with visceral or icilin metastasis. In this analysis, ER+/HER2+ patients were noted to have a higher rate of bo

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